背景:饮食失调的危险因素是多方面和复杂的,因此,阐明执行职能的作用至关重要,包括冲动性和元认知,以及饮食行为严重程度的应对策略。这项研究的目的有三个:(1)分析冲动的性别差异,元认知,应对策略,情绪调节,和进食障碍;(2)检验研究变量之间的相关性;(3)检验应对和情绪调节策略在元认知关系中的中介作用,冲动,和饮食失调。
方法:共有1076名参与者(Mage=21.78,SD=5.10;77.7%的女性)完成了一组问卷。进行了两次中介分析,以测试应对策略的中介作用,包括情绪调节,在执行功能之间的关系中(即,冲动和元认知)和饮食失调。
结果:女性表现出更高的应对策略,特别是情感表达,一厢情愿的想法,社会支持,而男性表现出更大的社会退缩。中介分析表明,冲动,元认知,和饮食失调,其关系部分由应对策略介导,主要由情绪调节。
结论:基于应对策略和情绪调节的干预措施可能是应对年轻人饮食失调的可行且有效的选择。
BACKGROUND: Risk factors for eating disorders are multifaceted and complex, so it is crucial to elucidate the role of executive functions, including impulsivity and metacognition, and coping strategies in the severity of eating behaviors. The study aims were threefold: (1) to analyze gender differences in impulsivity, metacognition, coping strategies,
emotion regulation, and eating disorders; (2) to examine the correlation between the study variables; and (3) to test the mediating role of coping and emotion-regulation strategies in the relationship between metacognition, impulsivity, and eating disorders.
METHODS: A total of 1076 participants (Mage = 21.78, SD = 5.10; 77.7% women) completed a set of questionnaires. Two mediation analyses were conducted to test the mediating role of coping strategies, including
emotion regulation, in the relationship between executive functions (i.e., impulsivity and metacognition) and eating disorders.
RESULTS: Women displayed higher coping strategies, specifically
emotional expression, wishful thinking, and social support, whereas men presented greater social withdrawal. Mediational analyses showed a significant association between impulsivity, metacognition, and eating disorders, whose relationship was partially mediated by coping strategies and mainly by
emotion regulation.
CONCLUSIONS: Interventions based on coping strategies and
emotion regulation could be a feasible and effective option to deal with eating disorders among the young population.